Describe the technology infrastructure management activities of an Essay

Describe the technology infrastructure management activities of an organisation that is engaging in e-commerce in a substantial - Essay Example Enhancing output, falling expenditure and increasing facilities for customers have been some of significant viable components in any winning organization. In addition, geography, as well as structures of procedures is not enjoying the significance as vital factors, as medium organizations are now benefiting from the platform of internet to sell their goods and services and pierce new markets in the enormously little period. Ivy Incorporation is a company in a developing location with the populace of approximately three million. Analysis has indicated that it exists in a very minute business platform with inadequate natural assets that finished it nearly impractical to depend on such resources for its expansion (Pacey, 2000, 524-632). Encouraged by advances within internet and web, Ivy Incorporation is stepping into the IT era, where information is enjoying its status as a major force behind its viable achievement. Moreover, Ivy incorporation has recognized significance of information assets within novel financial system and need to spend in its populace to continue viable (Zack et al., 2009). With Ivy incorporation situated as the information entrance within region, company’s objective to develop into the international core is striking to a number of firms with worldwide procedures. Ivy incorporation has started ‘e-commerce plan’ (Zack et al., 2009) to encourage e-business and to persuade industry to take benefit of its infrastructure. In particular, experts have indicated that e-commerce is ‘employment of inter-networked computers to make and convert business relation. The wide definition of e-commerce is that it is dependent on digital communication and information technology’ (Estache, et al., 2002, 41-93). In this regard, one can say that e-business is expected to simplify the processes of business, while also making the business more competent to survive in the world today. The typical functions of an e-business include the online selling and purchasing of goods, services and information. ‘This business definition of e-commerce could be broader or narrower’ (Estache, et al., 2002, 41-93). E-business is one of these broader terms used to describe these in the narrow sense of the word. A narrow definition, on the other hand, states that it is a transactional feature. Basically, e-commerce is any series of transactions where goods and services are traded through computer networks. This applies to both open and congested networks. Electronic Commerce Hotbed It is the scheme to deal with vital matters related to e-commerce endorsement, as well as accomplishment. Methodology selected is to band assets of main participants of electronic commerce, for example, IT firms, traders, communications suppliers, decision makers, as well as examiners (Yoon, 2006, 351-65). Together with business allies, for example, IT organizations and financial associations, company has formed communications system to fa cilitate procedures of e-commerce, for example, ‘e-banking, e-payment services and various agent e-commerce services’ (Kunigami et al., 2010, 98-105). In particular, the hotbed of e-commerce is concerned on 7 most important elements (Shirky, 2008, 924-1023). These areas consist of: ‘

Things Not Seen Essay Example for Free

Things Not Seen Essay Things Not Seen Author: Andrew Clements Genre: Fiction Favorite Character amp; Why: My favorite character in this story was Robert Phelps also known as â€Å"Bobby†, because Bobby feels invisible to his parents, even before he actually is invisible. He feels like they put work before him, and don’t notice what he wants or who he is, which I can relate to. Reasons I liked this Book: The reasons I liked this book is because it shows how this teenager has to deal with being invisible and not knowing if he’ll ever go back to normal. Also because this book makes you think about how you would feel and deal with the fact knowing that you’re invisible and no one can see you. Summary: Fifteen year old Bobby Phillips wakes up one morning and discovers he’s become invisible. After he proves to his parents that je has turn invisible he is forced to stay at home and not to tell anyone that he has become invisible. Then Bobby’s parents get into a car accident that causes them to be hospitalized. So Bobby then meets a blind girl named Alicia in a library. And later on learns that about Bobby’s â€Å"condition† that he has. Later on the law gets involved and investigates why Bobby has not been seen, which could end up with his parents in jail. On this difficult journey that Bobby has to face with his parents and his new friend Alicia by his side to help him find out why he has become invisible. 1st Quote: I cant see myself! You cant see me. I cant be seen like, Im invisible! † (3) This quote is important because it shows how scared Bobby is and how he reacts to his parents about him not being able to see himself. This can give you an idea on how he will deal with him being invisible later on. 2nd Quote: â€Å"But then come the tears. Mom slumps down in her chair and starts crying, and I cant take that. I can never take that. †   (6) This shows how Bobby’ s Condition is begging to affect his mother.

Philosophy of Mind, Body and Soul

Philosophy of Mind, Body and Soul Soul, mind and body are three important and core subjects under study when discussing the philosophy of human beings. The understanding of the relationship between soul and body has always been a source of concern among philosophers. The existence of soul and justifying mind as a separate entity from brain is never completely understood. The relationship of mind with the body i.e. how the mind controls the body and how changes in the body affect the mind is always been a main issue in studying philosophy of mind. Mind philosophy is a complex subject. Some of the functions of the mind work independently from body. But others do work in collaboration with the body. Philosophers have accomplished variety of studies to understand the actual role and existence of mind that includes if mind is a physical or non-physical matter, if its the part of the body or the soul? And other issues like that. Dualism gives a good explanation of all these problems. Though there are objections to it. But it does address all issues of independent working of mind and body. Human nature is in turn a complex subject and it is difficult to grasp full knowledge of philosophical explanations of human beings Descartes used to believe that mind interacts with the brain. Though he used to consider mind as spiritual and immaterial and brain as spatial. This paper discusses why human nature and human being have problematic philosophical explanations and how mind-body relationship makes it complex and difficult to understand. The philosophy of mind gives a contemporary view of the entity mind or soul. The contemporary views do accept soul as an independent existent. The main concern of the contemporary approach is also to understand the relationship between the physical working of brain and states of mind. My theoretical outlook for the problem stated would be dualism. According to which mind is a non-physical entity and it can exist separately from the body. In this essay firstly I will explain the phenomenal features of human experience which differentiate them with other living things. The power of intelligence and consciousness produces such features. Then in the light of theories and philosophies presented by renowned philosophers such as Aristotle and Descartes, I will analyze these phenomenal features in the context of soul-body relationship. After this, a brief explanation of the concept of dualism will be presented which will serve as a theoretical outlook for this paper in discussion ahead. With the help of dualism I will explain these features. Then, there will be a brief explanation of a major objection to the concept of dualism and that is how mind and body communicate with each other? I will try to justify my response over this objection in the next part. Then I will conclude the paper having all important points. There are some features of human beings which differentiate them from other living things. With the thinking power, use of intelligence and intellect and consciousness has give human beings the power to rule the world. These phenomenal features are the most important characteristics of human mind. Its charismatic that how human mind is capable of producing all these emotions with exceptional brilliance. I will explain some of these phenomenal features. Reason is one of the phenomenal features of human being through which. With the help of this a person can draw results from the given data or observations and can make hypothesis and assumptions. Moreover, one can support its argument through reasoning. Reflection is a process depending upon thinking; augmenting and analyzing one own self. Its more of spiritual phenomena where one examines ones own conduct, feelings and actions. Emotion means the mood, feel, temperament, attitude, state of mind and heart over certain action or happening. It mostly is a part of ones personality. Motivation is a very important part of emotion. Abstraction (as discussed in the course) is a thought process which includes ideas on a general level. More general and common features or details are put together and specific details and features are left out. It involves a process of classification. Faith is one of the very strong phenomenal feature of human being. It requires a process of events and mental activity and thought process to finally able to develop faith over a certain phenomena or understanding. Socrates believed in transcendentalism and he believed that each human being is like a spark of the over soul. He also thinks that soul will be separated by the body just in case of death and it is kind of a form. Faith was the head start of the discussion of our course. Understanding and wondering which reasons and miracles had made us believe in God? The example of two places which had a bridge in between them is great in emphasizing faith. A person will cross even an unbalanced bridge if he has faith in his constructor, but he will never cross the bridge if its perfectly fine and has no belied a faith in its constructor. So we see that courage is the outcome of faith. And faith is achieved by different reasons. In fact every human being has his own reasons for faith. Th e idea of Skinner on PFHE is hopeless; it is not deliberately true that we do everything by aiming at some benefit. Its not verified in every case. We see that naturalism has been derived from metaphysical realism. Moral valuation is a study of approach, direction and way in which or through which human beings believe and develop some kind of values or beliefs. Human beings does compare things and make a choice, this behavior is valuation. The techniques to inquire investigate and acquire new aspects, information and knowledge by gathering observations, collecting evidences, making hypothesis and then proving certain hypothesis is called scientific inquiry. The emotion, urge of human being to explore, investigate, inquire and learn more about a certain thing is called curiosity. Its the driving force of advancement in science and technology. Many philosophers explained unique features of human beings through different concepts and tried to develop a connection between these features and working of the body. Aquinas used the natural theology; I still recall the long debate on natural and revealed theology. But I think Aquinas was true to some extent on proving the existence of God by the means of the natural processes and nature itself. The First Mover theory can be taken into account too. While if we see St. Thomas we will come to know that being a Christian he declined Aristotle points of views. He thought that God is actually a cause for all the natural things that had happened. Aristotle gave the philosophy of Hylomorphism, according to which soul is something which makes a body alive. Soul is a set of properties; a form.such as glass is the form of water in it. According to Aristotle soul is related to body as a form of matter. So whatever phenomenal features of human being are that are the characteristic of body because soul is the part of the body which is accomplishing all these phenomenal features. Aristotle explained the unity of soul and body, both needs each other to work. Descartes gave the philosophy of dualism, according to which mind is a separate existence from brain and is a non-physical entity. All these phenomenal features are part of mind. He was first to identify mind with consciousness, awareness and intelligence. According to him brain is a material substance which is a part of body but mind exists separately from the body. The mind according to Descartes was a non-material entity. And he considered body as an extended and non-thinking thing. He argued that mind can exist apart from its extended body. And therefore mind is not a part of the body, its a different substance. Because the essence of mind is in the power of thinking. the actual idea behind his philosophy is that mind and body can interact. He argued that only humans have minds. Animals do not have minds. They lack the feature of self-consciousness. Living things can have three grades of sensation: physical, conscious, self-conscious. According to Descartes animals and human have only first sensation in common and that is physical. For example if an animal has felt a sensation e.g., the only possible reactions would be physical like dancing, screaming etc. But they will not consciously feel anything because they lack understanding of mind. Jean- Paul Sartre presented the philosophy of Existentialism. According to this philosophy an individual is responsible for its existence and for the standard/quality of life he is living. Sartre did justice with his opinion about the individuality of human beings. Sartres example of animal and plant was the most amazing of all. He distinguishes animals and plants from human beings by saying them unconscious and more mechanically operated things. It supports the phenomena of Atheism. This philosophy justifies that human being is responsible for its own actions despite of the obstacles in life. Now, I will explain the phenomenal features of human beings in the light of dualism. Dualism is an approach which basic idea resides upon the fact that mind is a non-physical matter i.e. it is not a part of the brain. It is non-physical. Many philosophers worked on dualism but a more famous version of dualism was given by Rene Descartes who maintained that mind is a non-physical thing. According to this mind is not a part of brain. According to Descartes mind is a thinking thing. We can take the example of container to elaborate it. Consider human being as a container which has body and brain in it along with a SEPARATE non-physical mind. Mind thinks, hopes, believes and have the consciousness and intelligence to deal with situations. Moreover Descartes argued that mind is a separate non-physical entity which can exist without the body. Phenomenal features of human beings can be well explained through Dualism. All the phenomenal features explained above are states of mind which are attributes of a non-physical matter. A physical matter cannot think, reason, and argue. These feelings of curiosity, believes, enquiring, emotion and reflection are the products of mind. Mind is the force which pushes the body to work to learn more about a certain thing. For example a person read something, it always has some effects on his/her mind. Mind will ponder about that subject and ideas are built through it, which as a result produces curiosity to learn more. And scientific inquiry takes place to reach to a certain solution. And the mind develops values and believes on the basis of the observations and results around it. And all these features of human being which are related to awareness, consciousness and intelligence are the products of mind. Mind is the one producing and operating them. If dualism is not true then mind is only the physical brain. Then in this situation we cannot think of a material substance to possess the qualities of consciousness which is the central ingredient for possessing phenomenal features. We cannot then expect features like consciousness, emotions, curiosity, sensations, desires, beliefs etc. So there has to be something which is responsible for these behaviors, and that is mind which is not material and which is a non-physical substance. Interactionism is a view of dualists, which can explain well these phenomenal features which occur as an interaction of mind and body. Thomas is said to be the symbolic founder of interactionism. Thomas thought that people were not exclusively controlled by the socialism and social pressures. Mental states always have this link with physical states. When we see something, we use our eyes and eyes send message to mind which invokes some kind of emotion, action or feeling. If a person has got an injury, he will feel pain and he will cry for help. And if somebody hears him, he will experience an emotion to reach for help. So the process continues with the series of interactions. And we can see the example of a sailor and a ship. The sailor can feel the bruise he has on his hands but he cant actually feel the pain when the ship is damaged or broken. There is also some objection for this school of philosophy. One of the major objections is casual interaction. A major objection to this view is that how mind interacts with the body i.e. how physical states interact or send a message to mental states and vice versa. If mind is a non-physical matter then how it is interacting with a physical matter. There is no explanation to this. When a person is injured, how the message is transferred toward mind which as a results cause the state of pain. When mind is not a part of body then how this communication is working? Obviously, we assume there will be a series of events which will finally let this pain feeling happen. There will be nerves playing around sending the message finally to the brain. But then how brain (a physical matter) will send or transfer this message to mind (a non-physical matter). That is a very big question mark? Descartes himself did not have a proper answer to this problem. His meditations which we have elaborately studied in this course have revealed to us many of his point of views. He says that we can doubt all the things and he considers mind as indivisible and body as divisible. He was of the view that this interaction of soul and body or mind and body is through PINEAL GLAND, which is a gland in human brain. He says how the idea of a ruling absolute power exists in our minds? Thus he says that we distinctly perceive. All he was trying to do was to prove the immortality of the soul. He maintained that casual interaction is taking place through pineal gland. But this is not a very good explanation. Again the problem is same, how a non-material mind is interacting with pineal gland (which obviously is a physical matter). Some of Descartes students, ef Arnold Geulincx adopted a different frame of mind for this problem. And I find that solution very satisfactory. According to Arnold that a ll these mind-body interactions are a result of direct intervention of God. So, when God wants, these interactions happen otherwise not. These interactions are not because of a certain mechanism or through some medium; they happen and occur when there is Gods will. Only God knows how it works, he is responsible for this stimulation. Human body and human nature is a very complex subject. The human nature cannot be understood easily. There are phenomenal features of human beings which differs them from other living things and those phenomenal features have convinced us that there is something non-physical in human body which is responsible for these phenomenal features. Dualism answers some of such questions and consider mind a non-physical entity responsible for such features and it is a separate entity from brain. But a major objection to dualism is that how mind interacts with the body? What is the medium of communication between a physical and non-physical matter? And a satisfactory answer would be that God is above all. The interaction between mind and body is dependent on God. And may be only he knows and he is responsible for such bizarre communication.

The Paradox of Heroism in Homer’s Iliad Essay -- Iliad essays

The Paradox of Heroism in Homer’s Iliad The Iliad presents a full range of valorous warriors: the Achaians Diomedes, Odysseus, and the Aiantes; the Trojans Sarpedon, Aeneas, and Glaukos. These and many others are Homer’s models of virtue in arms. Excelling all of them, however, are the epic’s two central characters, Achilleus, the son of Peleus and, Hector, the son of Priam. In these two, one finds the physical strength, intense determination, and strenuous drive that give them first place within their respective armies. Further, in their inner struggles they together present a complete archetype of the hero. The Homeric vision of the hero presents Achilleus and Hektor resolving the paradox of embodying the ideals of their communities and at the same time standing utterly apart from their fellow humans. This conflict between alienation from and integration with all of humankind first arises in the question of the heroes’ motives; this implies different choices of Other or Self, in which one finds i mplications for leadership and response to human fate, respectively. It is the struggle of interests and destinies—their own against their communities’—that takes them beyond the frame of ordinary human life. The basis for the heroes’ actions arises from the conflict between concern for self and concern for others—their egoistic and altruistic impulses. The former draws them to seek eternal glory for themselves, establishing a corpus of deeds that men will recount in song and story for generations. The latter places the safety and wholeness of the community as the highest cause, fulfilling the role of protector and preserver. While one first encounters Achilleus and Hektor formally fighting for someone else’s honor—Achill... ...or perfects this balance; that they experience both aspects of each self-combat brings them to the very limits of humanity. Moreover, each is made complete by the other, since each spurs the other to supreme glory and tests his resolve to attain greatness. The image of the final confrontation between Achilleus and Hektor crystallizes the heroes’ place in the natural order: even as they stand just beyond the walls of the city, so they stand just outside the gates to endless life. Though they cannot ultimately escape their deaths, they nevertheless journey farther than any man on the path to immortality in the present—experiencing humanity in its fullest degree, yet also touching the divine. NOTES 1. The author wishes to dedicate this essay to Mrs. Martin Luther King 2. Homer, Iliad, trans. Richard Lattimore (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1951). The Paradox of Heroism in Homer’s Iliad Essay -- Iliad essays The Paradox of Heroism in Homer’s Iliad The Iliad presents a full range of valorous warriors: the Achaians Diomedes, Odysseus, and the Aiantes; the Trojans Sarpedon, Aeneas, and Glaukos. These and many others are Homer’s models of virtue in arms. Excelling all of them, however, are the epic’s two central characters, Achilleus, the son of Peleus and, Hector, the son of Priam. In these two, one finds the physical strength, intense determination, and strenuous drive that give them first place within their respective armies. Further, in their inner struggles they together present a complete archetype of the hero. The Homeric vision of the hero presents Achilleus and Hektor resolving the paradox of embodying the ideals of their communities and at the same time standing utterly apart from their fellow humans. This conflict between alienation from and integration with all of humankind first arises in the question of the heroes’ motives; this implies different choices of Other or Self, in which one finds i mplications for leadership and response to human fate, respectively. It is the struggle of interests and destinies—their own against their communities’—that takes them beyond the frame of ordinary human life. The basis for the heroes’ actions arises from the conflict between concern for self and concern for others—their egoistic and altruistic impulses. The former draws them to seek eternal glory for themselves, establishing a corpus of deeds that men will recount in song and story for generations. The latter places the safety and wholeness of the community as the highest cause, fulfilling the role of protector and preserver. While one first encounters Achilleus and Hektor formally fighting for someone else’s honor—Achill... ...or perfects this balance; that they experience both aspects of each self-combat brings them to the very limits of humanity. Moreover, each is made complete by the other, since each spurs the other to supreme glory and tests his resolve to attain greatness. The image of the final confrontation between Achilleus and Hektor crystallizes the heroes’ place in the natural order: even as they stand just beyond the walls of the city, so they stand just outside the gates to endless life. Though they cannot ultimately escape their deaths, they nevertheless journey farther than any man on the path to immortality in the present—experiencing humanity in its fullest degree, yet also touching the divine. NOTES 1. The author wishes to dedicate this essay to Mrs. Martin Luther King 2. Homer, Iliad, trans. Richard Lattimore (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1951).

Sustainable Transportation Policy In Malaysia Environmental Sciences Essay

Climate Change, or Global Warming, is one of the most serious environmental menaces of the twenty-first century. Harmonizing to NST article on Top 10 list Global Warming Cause, Carbon dioxide emanations from firing gasolene for transit responsible for approximately 33 % of emanations. With the population turning at an dismaying rate, the demand for more autos and consumer goods means that we are increasing the usage of fossil fuels for transit and fabrication. The jobs of nursery gas emanations and urban air quality are concentrating attending on sustainable conveyance. There are many definitions on sustainable transit. A sustainable conveyance system as defined by The Centre for Sustainable Transportation ( Gilbert and Tanguay, 2000 ) is as follows: Allows the basic entree and development demands of persons, companies and societies to be met safely and in a mode consistent with human and ecosystem, wellness, and promotes equity within and between consecutive coevalss. Is low-cost, operates reasonably and expeditiously, offers pick of conveyance manner, and supports a competitory economic system, every bit good as balanced regional development. Limits emanations and waste within the planet ‘s ability to absorb them, uses renewable resources at or below their rates of coevals, and uses non-renewable resources at or below the rates of development of renewable replacements while minimising the impact on the usage of land and the coevals of noise. How can transit go more sustainable? Harmonizing to The Center for Sustainable Transportation system it is defined as: With regard to society, transit systems should: Meet basic human demands for wellness, comfort, and convenience in ways that do non emphasize the societal cloth. Allow and support development at a human graduated table, and supply for a sensible pick of conveyance manners, types of lodging and community, and life manners. Produce no more noise than is acceptable by communities. Be safe for people and their belongings. With regard to the economic system, transit systems should: Provide cost-efficient service and capacity. Be financially low-cost in each coevals. Support vibrant, sustainable economic activity. With regard to the environment, transit systems should: Make usage of land in a manner that has little or no impact on the unity of ecosystems. Use meagerly energy beginnings that are basically non renewable or unlimited. Use other resources that are renewable or unlimited, achieved in portion through the reuse of points and the recycling of stuffs used in vehicles and substructure. Produce no more emanations and waste than can be accommodated by the planet ‘s renewing ability. Harmonizing to the Center for Sustainable Transportaion besides, there are several barriers to the attainment of sustainable transit. Four of the most of import are these: More than for most other countries of human enterprise, decision-making about transit by authoritiess, corporations, and persons has become locked into manners that reinforce the present unsustainable agreements and tendencies. There is a mentality that accomplishing sustainable transit is excessively dearly-won, hard, and will endanger our quality of life and life style. Combustion of low-priced oil provides more than 99 per cent of the energy for motorised transit and creates many of the environmental jobs that result from transit. Harnessing renewable options will be a major challenge. Mechanisms for placing betterments in sustainable transit, and circulating ensuing success narratives, and good tendencies are unequal. The attempt towards accomplishing sustainable conveyance includes technological betterments of autos and lorries, fuels and substructure. However, utilizing vehicles more expeditiously ( higher burden factor for lorries, and fewer individual tenancy private vehicles ) would be a good start towards a smarter usage of conveyance. Walking and cycling are the ‘greenest ‘ and most sustainable signifiers of conveyance. However, public conveyance is a cardinal option but it is non having the precedence which it should be. Transport becomes sustainable merely when it does non harm the environment or uses fuel from renewable beginnings such as air current and solar. In footings of human mobility, this means more usage of public conveyance ( including integrated mobility services ) , and non-motorised manners of conveyance like walking and cycling. For motion of goods, rail cargo is more fuel efficient than hauling. The public transit system in Klang Valley includes coachs, commuter Light Rail Transit ( LRT ) , monorail, coachs and taxis. Public conveyance riders are merely every bit inconsiderate as the drivers. Lining up is a practically unknown phenomenon is thwarting and clip consuming 2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW Whenever a auto is started, sitting idle or driving it is bring forthing emanations that are make fulling our ambiance. These emanations include nitrogen gas ( N2 ) , C dioxide ( CO2 ) , H2O vapor ( H2O ) , C monoxide ( CO ) , hydrocarbons or volatile organic compounds ( VOCs ) , and N oxides ( NO and NO2, together called NOx ) . Bryant et al. 2008. Carbon dioxide represents about 80 per centum of the manmade nursery gases blamed for planetary heating. 15 % of the manmade C dioxide ( CO2 ) in the Earth ‘s ambiance comes from autos, trucks, aeroplanes, trains, and ships. The staying 85 % of atmospheric CO2 comes from industry, edifices and agribusiness. Current tendencies show atmospheric CO2 concentration would duplicate by the terminal of the century ( Jan Fuglestvedt 2008 ) Figure 1: Projected concentration degrees presuming go oning â€Å" concern as usual † behavior ( Beginning: University of Maryland ) Harmonizing ESMAP, Traffic congestion can impact human wellness due to pollution with high degrees of particulates, hydrocarbons, lead and NOx. there are three chief beginnings of particulate air pollution: vehicle fumes, re-suspended route dust, and solid fuels, The Federal Highway Administration has documented the degrees of these emanations and how much of each compound is produced by autos ( see Figure 2 ) . Air Pollutant Proportion from On route Motor Vehicles Note Oxides of Nitrogen ( NOx ) 34 % precursor to groundaˆ?level ozone ( smog ) , which amendss the respiratory system and injures workss Volatile Organic Compounds ( VOC ) 34 % precursor to groundaˆ?level ozone ( smog ) , which amendss the respiratory system and injures workss Carbon Monoxide ( CO ) 51 % contributes to smog production ; toxicant in high concentrations Particulate Matter ( PM10 ) 10 % does non include dust from paved and unpaved roads, which are the major beginning of particulate affair pollution ( 50 % of the sum ) Carbon Dioxide ( CO2 ) 33 % thought to be primary subscriber to planetary heating Figure 2: Transportation Air Quality: Selected Facts and Figures 2002. Sterba 2009 Harmonizing to analyze on Hybrid Cars ( Michael et. al 2010 ) , their higher monetary value bends consumers off and makes the vehicles a less attractive economic investing. Energy efficient treating techniques need to be developed before the advanced stuffs in loanblends can assist add to their clean image. Widespread alteration to progress intercrossed engineerings is non a executable option in the close hereafter because of both cost and the limited sum of loanblends on the route today. Overall, loanblend engineering has a batch of possible in the distant hereafter, but as for right now they are non a important betterment over today ‘s internal burning engine. It was recorded that from twelvemonth 2005 to twelvemonth 2009 there were about 42 million vehicles register in Malaysia as shown in Figure 3. Year Car enrollment Public vehicle Commercial Vehicles Entire Year 2005 6,473,261 136500 805157 7,414,918 Year 2006 6,941,996 142038 836579 7,920,613 Year 2007 7,419,643 147050 871234 8,437,927 Year 2008 7,966,525 154524 909243 9,030,292 Year 2009 8,506,080 162309 936222 9,604,611 Entire 37,307,505 742,421 4,358,435 42,408,361 Figure 3: No of vehicles in Malaysia by type To cover with the terrible traffic jobs in Malaysia particularly in Klang Valley the transit contrivers will hold to look to solutions such as utilizing public conveyance and presenting more environmental friendly vehicles. In the 10TH Malaysia Plan, a amount of RM2.8 billion is allocated for bettering urban public transit was chosen as one of six National Key Result Areas ( NKRAs ) , which are priority countries under the Government Transformation Programme. During the 10MP period, connectivity across different manners of public conveyance will be improved through the constitution of multi-modal transportation hubs for services within metropoliss, from suburban countries into metropoliss and for intercity travel. The Strategic Plan is a papers which determines the way of future transit system in Malaysia. Harmonizing to The strategic Plan of The Ministry of Transport ( 2008 – 2015 ) , development of conveyance substructure a seamless, integrated, sustainable and competitory to run into the aspirations states is emphasised. One of the program objective is to guarantee that environmental non contaminated by the land conveyance, air and maritime. TERAS 2 The scheme highlighted is to optimise new engineerings in conveyance by advancing the usage of environmentally friendly vehicles and supplying seamless transit system by bettering the park N drive installations at all Stationss of urban conveyance to run into the aim to beef up and supply world-class incorporate conveyance substructure. Park and Ride ( P & A ; R ) system are known as inducement parking system. This installations system consists of auto Parkss with connexions to public conveyance. The user will utilize public transit to go into metropolis and leave their forces vehicles in a auto park. P & A ; R system are by and large located in suburbs of metropolitan countries or on the outer borders of big metropoliss. Many states had utilizing this system such as United Kingdom, United State, Japan and Singapore. Park and Ride was foremost initiated in the United Kingdom ( UK ) in the sixtiess and seventiess that enjoy most success in metropoliss historic in nature and rather little capacity of commanding that balance to their inhibiting urban construction. In a scope of scenes across the UK, nevertheless, some of which really different in size and nature to the earlier host Centres, Park and Ride has later emerged as a major constituent of local conveyance policies. In Malaysia, the authorities starts utilizing Park and Ride system such as Kuala Lumpur, around Klang Valley and Putrajaya Harmonizing to CASE STUDY ON AWARENESS AND EFFECTIVENESS OF PARK AND RIDE AT PUTRAJAYA, MALAYSIA the consciousness degree for both Putrajaya citizens and visitants is non high plenty to make the mark of the Park and Ride system. This is because, about merely half of the people is utilizing the system while the remainder garbage to utilize the system and make non cognize to us the system. The understanding about the system need to be good explain to the both Putrajaya citizens and besides the visitants. Therefore, the user of Park and Ride may increase and many traffic jobs could cut down. Conference on Environmentally Sustainable Transport ( EST ) provide an illustration of how standards and marks can be linked to important environmental and wellness quality aims. These marks are long-run – specific intermediate marks and mileposts should be set to concentrate action. The quantitative mark degrees below are non normative and could be adapted harmonizing to national, regional or local fortunes. What is indispensable for the EST attack, is that mark degrees are set to accomplish environmental and wellness quality aims. Carbon dioxide Climate alteration is prevented by cut downing C dioxide emanations so that atmospheric concentrations of CO2are stabilised at or below their 1990 degrees. Consequently, entire emanations of CO2 from conveyance should non transcend 20 % to 50 % of such emanations in 1990 depending on specific national conditions. Nox Damage from ambient NO2and ozone degrees and N deposition is greatly reduced by meeting WHO Air Quality Guidelines for human wellness and eco-toxicity. This implies that entire emanations of NOxfrom conveyance should non transcend 10 % of such emanations in 1990. VOCs Damage from carcinogenic VOCs and ozone is greatly reduced by meeting WHO Air Quality Guidelines for human wellness and ecosystem protection. Entire emanations of transport-related VOCs should non transcend 10 % of such emanations in 1990 ( less for highly toxic VOCs ) .2 Particulates Harmful ambient air degrees are avoided by cut downing emanations of all right particulates ( particularly those less than 10 micrometers in diameter ) . Depending on local and regional conditions, this may imply a decrease of 55 % to 99 % of all right particulate ( PM10 ) emanations from conveyance, compared with 1990 degrees. Landuse/Landtake Land usage and substructure for the motion, care, and storage of conveyance vehicles is developed in such a manner that local and regional aims for air, H2O, eco-system and biodiversity protection are met. Compared to 1990 degrees, this will probably imply the Restoration and enlargement of green infinites in built-up countries. Noise Noise from conveyance no longer consequences in out-of-door noise degrees that present a wellness concern or serious nuisance. Depending on local and regional conditions, this may imply a decrease of conveyance noise to no more than a upper limit of 55 dubnium ( A ) during the twenty-four hours and 45 dubnium ( A ) at dark and out-of-doorss. Minister of Transport Malaysia in his address reference that â€Å" The conveyance sector has now entered the new epoch of a more ambitious and requires a high committedness from all sides. It is now requires a manner of conveyance and more incorporate services and quality system. In add-on environmental facets should besides be given accent in the planning of all undertakings for the Ministry of guarantee sustainable development. † ( Message from DATUK ONG TEE KEAT, Minister of Transport Malaysia ) 3.0 METHODOLOGY This is Life Cycle Analysis academic composing which needs a batch of diaries and article readings, cyberspace surfboarding and cognition. Some articles were from Ministry of Transport, 10th Malaysia Plan and Malayan Strategic Planning to guarantee that suggestion proposed relevant to the way of Malaysia development ( Dasar Pembangunan Negara ) . However, more elaborate surveies should be done to acquire thoughts that can lend to accomplishing the ends. 4.0 Discussion What are the holistic attack toward sustainable transit policy in Malaysia? Several schemes can be developed such as:1. Develop of national transit schemeTransportation system webs are an of import piece of the communications substructure of a state. We are wholly dependent on our transit webs to travel goods and people throughout the state. A national transit scheme such as highlighted in The Strategic Plan would assist Malaysia make a sustainable transit policy. More schemes must emphasis on green engineering.2. Enhance national public transit schemeIn order to cut down the figure of private autos on the route, the authorities must be after their short term and long term schemes for public transit. Peoples must be encouraged to take public conveyance for the motion of goods and people. Long term schemes need to be after on how people can travel about in the hereafter by utilizing public conveyance as a precedence and make the finish faster, convenient and comfy. The Malayan authorities has stated a end to hold 40 % of the population utilizing public transit in the hereafter. Unfortunately, at a interim we have limited picks for safe, convenient, dependable public transit. For illustration, we have a really limited train to go from North to South. Road accidents which involved express coach are frequently happen in the state. Therefore, task force group which include expertness from relevant field must be formed. This group will come out with the national public transit schemes and besides to advice the stakeholders on how to accomplish the mission3. National public transit sectionPublic transit should non be run as a profitable concern. It must be look as a pick of transit that people can take. Minimum menu should be charge to the people. More subsidies must be given to this section. Peoples will certainly utilize public conveyance if it is convenient and comfy with the low menu. It is clip for the authorities to upgrade the public transit to the first category installations by turn uping more money in this department.Research and development unit must besides organize in this section. This unit will ever make research on new engineerings to upgrade the transit systems or conveyance which environmental friendly like was done in Seoul as an Earth friendly transit metropolis.4. Expanded national railroad webRailway engineering is still the most efficient manner to travel goods and people. Successful rail webs in Europe, Japan, India, China, Taiwan, and shortly in Argentina, show us that the motion of riders by rail is faster, easier, and better than auto or air travel. Thankss to the English Channel Tunnel and the Eurostar High Speed Train, London and Paris are now two hours apart by train. Trains travel more people, avoid congestion on the roads, usage less energy, and are far more appealing than planes or autos. A state like Malaysia should hold a dependable railroad transit web for cargo every bit good as a fast rider railroad web linking all major metropoliss. High Speed rail connexions between Kuala Lumpur and neighbouring capital metropoliss must be explored. Therefore, the full double-tracking and electrification of all rail lines within Malaysia is necessary. In add-on, ternary trailing and the building of extra rail lines should be considered.5. Regional/local public transit authorizationAs we can see in the urban country, there is a more than one public transit company. for illustration in Klang vale, Rapid KL and XXX are the celebrated coach companies. It is suppose to be merely one authorization which responsible for the planning, ordinance and inadvertence of public transit. This local authorization has the responsibility to command the coach systems so that it operates under an effectual an efficient system. This would extinguish unneeded and uneconomical competition and promote stableness and dependability in public transit. 6. Additional, secure support for regional/local public transit Public transit service is of import substructure. It should non be operated like a concern. There should be no ground why a coach company should even seek to run a sustainable concern. All first public transit services do non do money. They in fact lose money, and their extra costs are borne by a combination of authorities financess, bonds, and extra investings. The best manner to construct stable, dependable public transit substructure is to fund it decently and fund it early on. This means capital investing and regular operations subsidies are necessary. No universe category transit bureau should even be trying to retrieve 50 % o more of their grosss from menus paid by riders. Alternatively, they should be having money from public and private investing. Presently the province authorities of Terengganu is be aftering the debut of Rapid Terengganu, a state-level coach service. While any bus service betterments are good intelligence, this intelligence is even better because it shows that the province authorities is committed to bettering public transit through authorities regulated service. One little point, nevertheless. The name â€Å" Rapid † is overused, and possibly should be limited to large metropoliss merely. A state-level service should hold an appropriate name that reflects the service being offered, non a selling tool. I personally like â€Å" Bas Negeri Terengganu † and I think the acronym â€Å" Bantu † ( for â€Å" Bas Negeri Terengganu † ) would be a really appropriate as the word â€Å" Bantu † reflects the constructs of assisting and back uping each other. 7. Expanded KTM Komuter Service We have to gain that KTM Komuter has the lowest costs and greatest potency for enlargement among all manners of transit. An expanded KTM Komuter service ( that means, higher frequences, longer trains, faster trains, and more lines ) would promote people to utilize rapid theodolite. It merely costs excessively much to construct adequate LRT lines to do a difference in the transit substructure in the Klang Valley. KTM Komuter enlargement programs include new webs in the North and South, extensions from Sentul to Batu Caves, Rasa to Tanjung Malim, and Seremban to Senawang. A program is afoot to reconstruct more than a twelve damaged electric-multiple unit ( EMU ) trains, which would let higher frequence and more dependable service. The authorities must perpetrate to a existent enlargement of KTM Komuter service, intending more lines, adequate trains for five minute frequences, and dependable service. 8. More urban mass-transit lines LRT and mass theodolite should be built in urban countries, instead than suburban or rural countries. The cost of building is increasing daily, and this is why the authorities should be perpetrating to construct lines in urban countries, non suburban or rural countries. There is no ground, for illustration, to construct an LRT from Kuala Lumpur to Klang, when Kuala Lumpur itself still needs at least four more LRT lines ( in add-on to the new Kota Damansara-Cheras line ) . Urban countries need mass theodolite. Urban countries have huge Numberss of people and they have the population denseness to do mass-transit cost effectual. Suburban countries do non necessitate mass theodolite such as LRT lines. They truly need enhanced, frequent and dependable coach service to travel the huge Numberss of people spread out over a broad country. The planned Kota Damansara-Cheras LRT line will go through Kuala Lumpur. The Sentul-Batu Caves extension will alter transit in the northern countries of Kuala Lumpur. However, extra lines are needed in Kuala Lumpur to make the nucleus of a mass-transit web. The authorities should be constructing in urban countries, non the suburban countries. Extensions are for the hereafter. The nucleus of the mass-transit web demands to be built now. 9. Promoting Park and Ride The authorities should implement the user of Park and Ridein urban country. But before that the quality of service of Park and Ride system demand to be improved where more frequent service of the coachs to bring the people from one point to another. Besides improve the service, other schemes to increase the figure of coach user is provide adequate information to the client. Kiosk and information Centre is suited to advise the information about Park and Ride system to the people. Selling and publicity such as image advertisement, new occupant publicity and menu inducements may besides impact the figure of bus user.Malaysians seem to hold an compulsion with LRT and a misinterpretation of traffic congestion. We besides think that traffic jobs can be solved with monolithic undertakings instead than simple solutions. I wo n't tire you with the inside informations of why.LRT is a mass-transit, and it is dearly-won. As stated before, there is no possible manner to construct all of the LRT l ines that are needed to make speedy, dependable, convenient public transit. This means that other rapid theodolite options must be explored. Alternate signifiers of rapid theodolite include rapid ropewaies, and coach rapid theodolite. Even simple things like traffic signal precedence, coach lanes, and traffic monitoring cameras will do a immense difference.Sadly, the bulk of people in Malaysia still cleaving to the belief that traffic visible radiations, reduced figure of lanes, and roundabouts contribute to traffic congestion. The truth is that traffic congestion is caused by holding excessively many autos on the route at the same clip. Fewer autos equal lower congestion.There is hope that the reaching of local public transit governments will do a large difference, spread outing and heightening public transit. Extremist thoughts need to be implemented to cut down the figure of autos on the route. Bus lanes are merely a start but they are easy to implement. Bus Rapid Transit would b e the following measure.A dependable Bus Rapid Transit service running along major roads like Jalan Puchong, Jalan Klang Lama, the Federal Highway, Jalan Ipoh, Jalan Kepong, and others, would besides assist. The authorities must denote a program to put in tram lines, non merely extra LRT lines.10. Decrease in gasoline subsidy and inducements to promote the usage of public transitPetrol subsidies may do the lives of some people easier, but economic sciences say that anytime you fix the monetary value of an point below its natural monetary value, demand will increase and this will finally ensue in deficits of the merchandise. We have seen this happen in Malaysia with cooking oil, sugar, and Diesel fuel. Petrol and wheat may be the following points confronting deficits.The monetary value of gasoline in Malaysia is low ( compared to universe markets ) . Malaysians are driving more and demanding more gasoline. The supply is less and less dependable. Any instability is paid through revenu e enhancements and authorities financess.Other states such as Indonesia ( 2005 ) and Myanmar ( 2007 ) have seen immense additions in the monetary value of fuel after the authorities could no longer afford the subsidies.One manner to cut down the demand for gasoline is to cut down the subsidy ( thereby raising the monetary value at the pumps ) and directing that money into enhanced public conveyance service. The authorities needs to accept that this determination, though unpopular at first, will be in the best involvements of the people.To do their point clear, the authorities should cut down the gasoline subsidy by an sum of RM0.08 per liter, which would take to an increased pump monetary value of RM2.00 per liter. An 8 sen addition in the monetary value of gasoline ( after the election, of class ) would be much easier to accept than a 60 sen hiking in 2 to 3 old ages clip. The authorities should apportion the financess saved towards bettering and heightening public transit.There ar e many simple things that the authorities can make to heighten public transit across the state, and these can be implemented rapidly. An expanded Touch ‘N ‘ Go service, subsidies for coach operations, revenue enhancement inducements on the purchase of monthly theodolite base on ballss, and investing in support of public conveyance governments would do a immense difference for Malaysia.DrumheadThe proposals here are comparatively uninteresting and less glamourous than new LRT lines or monorails in every metropolis that asks for one. The fact is that public transit can be interesting and glamourous and inspiring. However, before that can all go on, there must be alterations in the attitude of the authorities and the people.It is good to believe that improved public transit is portion of the solution to traffic congestion in Malaysia. However, many people do non talk out and demand better public transit, and do non really intend to utilize the improved public transit.They a re losing the point. We can merely hold inspiring, glamourous, interesting and effectual public transit if there are alterations at the authorities degree. Once the authorities makes the necessary alterations, creates a national public transit scheme and a National Public Transportation Department, so we will eventually be on path to a great hereafter.a regular user of public conveyance, is profoundly concerned that authorities programs to promote the usage of public conveyance will finally neglect because of hapless planning and deficiency of support from the populace. 5.0 Decision Guaranting advancement towards sustainable development suppose to be a precedence of the Malayan authorities. Transport is a peculiarly ambitious sector. It is indispensable to modern life, but has many inauspicious effects on wellness and environment. Most transport tendencies are unsustainable. More attempt must be put on to develop public conveyance because survey found that utilizing public conveyance can minimise the environmental pollution and impact of wellness to homo. Although there is a batch of bad intelligence -A the good intelligence is it ‘s non excessively late! We can implement solutions, but we need to move fast and we need our authorities to take the lead.A

Free Essays on Journal Entry Summeries On Viagra

One of the most prominent drugs to come out in the last ten years was Viagra. Viagra is used to help in a problem known as ‘Erectile Dysfunction.† Both the term and drug have become a commonplace in today’s society. What once was an embarrassing topic that many people were ashamed of, is now an open part of our culture. It centers around a males personal problem, yet affects womens lives as well. The drug has helped many people admit and then cope with the intimate problem. According to an article written by Siegfried E. Drewes , Jacob George, and Fatima Khan, Goldstein defined erectile dysfunction as â€Å"a consistent inability to get or keep an erection that is satisfactory for sexual performance.† This drug opened the eyes of todays society and gave individuals the power to not only control their personal problems, but also discuss them in an open way. In this article, titled â€Å"Recent Findings on Natural Products with Erectile Dysfunction Activity†, the different ways to decrease erectile dysfunction are discussed. Viagra, which has been the most prominent drug of its kind, is a prescription which â€Å"causes the smooth muscle cells around the penis to relax, leading to dilation and increased influx of blood into the penile tissue.† Alone with viagra, there are many other products which are used to help erectile dysfunction. Dehydroepiandrosterone, Yohimbnie, L-Citrulline Forskolin are different types of natural product s. While some findings show similar conclusions to the effects of viagra some of these products actually go above and beyond and also improve sexual stamina and performance. This article also discusses some of the â€Å"undesirable side effects such as hypertension.† The research conducted in this article shows the chemical makeup of the different compounds and combinations of products used to help erectile dysfunction. The main conclusion that these authors found is quite ground breaking. It is explai... Free Essays on Journal Entry Summeries On Viagra Free Essays on Journal Entry Summeries On Viagra One of the most prominent drugs to come out in the last ten years was Viagra. Viagra is used to help in a problem known as ‘Erectile Dysfunction.† Both the term and drug have become a commonplace in today’s society. What once was an embarrassing topic that many people were ashamed of, is now an open part of our culture. It centers around a males personal problem, yet affects womens lives as well. The drug has helped many people admit and then cope with the intimate problem. According to an article written by Siegfried E. Drewes , Jacob George, and Fatima Khan, Goldstein defined erectile dysfunction as â€Å"a consistent inability to get or keep an erection that is satisfactory for sexual performance.† This drug opened the eyes of todays society and gave individuals the power to not only control their personal problems, but also discuss them in an open way. In this article, titled â€Å"Recent Findings on Natural Products with Erectile Dysfunction Activity†, the different ways to decrease erectile dysfunction are discussed. Viagra, which has been the most prominent drug of its kind, is a prescription which â€Å"causes the smooth muscle cells around the penis to relax, leading to dilation and increased influx of blood into the penile tissue.† Alone with viagra, there are many other products which are used to help erectile dysfunction. Dehydroepiandrosterone, Yohimbnie, L-Citrulline Forskolin are different types of natural product s. While some findings show similar conclusions to the effects of viagra some of these products actually go above and beyond and also improve sexual stamina and performance. This article also discusses some of the â€Å"undesirable side effects such as hypertension.† The research conducted in this article shows the chemical makeup of the different compounds and combinations of products used to help erectile dysfunction. The main conclusion that these authors found is quite ground breaking. It is explai...

Astronomy Essay

Astronomy Essay If you have an ongoing astronomy paper on your site and you are seeking assistance – you have come to the right place. Astronomy papers – are pieces of work aimed to find out and define your general and specific knowledge on the surrounding galaxies, their creation and all possible facts about it. Your professor gives out these assignment types in order to find out how you have got into the material you have been discussing during the term, as well as understand your way of thinking. It is natural for a student to want to succeed in everything he is occupied in. That is practically why every student wants to succeed in writing an astronomy paper. But what happens if he is clueless of what to write about, how to organize the astronomy essay, astronomy research paper, astronomy term paper, etc.? You should find some astronomy essay writing tips, guides, tricks and suggestions: Choose the topic of your astronomy paper accurately and carefully. The topic will show your professor the level of efforts you would like to put in this paper and his class in particular. (All the good trades go to the most hard working students) Define an appropriate structure of the paper you would like to write. There are several structures of the paper, such as: 5 paragraph essay, informative essay, persuasive essay, reaction essay, descriptive essay, etc Try brainstorming, and find out the main points of your outline. Some students try to write the astronomy paper without brainstorming or outlines and structures. Nine out of ten students fail to write an astronomy paper with out proper astronomy paper organization. Think of the key elements of your astronomy paper. It either has to be a new and exciting fact, or the overall summarization of all the facts you know, collided into 1 general opinion in the conclusion. Never be lazy to rewrite your astronomy paper 2-3 times for it to be perfect. This is all what is takes to write a perfect astronomy paper, astronomy research paper, astronomy term paper and astronomy dissertation. CustomWritings.com can get a professional writer to help you write your astronomy paper. We surely have everything you need to get a good paper, and a high grade for it. Just inquire at CustomWritings.com and order a custom essay paper on Astronomy now. Here is a list of possible  astronomy essay topics: 1. Comparison and Contrast of Astronomy and Astrology 2. Astronomy: Space vehicles 3. Copernicus 4. Conflicts between Galileo and the Church 5. The complete facts on the planet Venus 6. Universe 7. Johannes Kepler 8. Mars Exploration 9. NASA 10. Astrobiology 11. Apollo Missions 12. Space exploration and Rocket History, Tsiolkovskys impacts 13. Hubble Space Telescope 14. The Space Shuttle Columbia 15. Should Pluto be considered a Planet? 16. The Formation of the Solar System 17. Planerary Asteroid Defense Study 18. UFOs and Aliens 19. The Impact of Asteroids on Earth 20. Planetary Comparison

German Loan Words in the English Language

German Loan Words in the English Language English has borrowed many words from German. Some of those words have become a natural part of everyday English vocabulary (angst,  kindergarten,  sauerkraut), while others are primarily intellectual, literary, scientific (Waldsterben,  Weltanschauung,  Zeitgeist), or used in special areas, such as  gestalt  in psychology, or  aufeis  and  loess  in geology. Some of these German words are used in English because there is no true English equivalent: gemà ¼tlich,  schadenfreude. Words in the list below marked with * were used in various rounds of Scripps National Spelling Bees  in the U.S. Heres an A-to-Z sample of German loan words in English: German Words in English ENGLISH DEUTSCH MEANING alpenglow s Alpenglhen a reddish glow seen on the mountain tops around sunrise or sunset Alzheimers disease e Alzheimer Krankheit brain disease named for the German neurologist Alois Alzheimer (1864-1915), who first identified it in 1906 angst/Angst e Angst fear - in English, a neurotic feeling of anxiety and depression Anschluss r Anschluss annexation - specifically, the 1938 annexation of Austria into Nazi Germany (the Anschluss) apple strudel r Apfelstrudel a type of pastry made with thin layers of dough, rolled up with a fruit filling; from the German for swirl or whirlpool aspirin s Aspirin Aspirin (acetylsalicyclic acid) was invented by the German chemist Felix Hoffmann working for Bayer AG in 1899. aufeis s Aufeis Literally, on-ice or ice on top (Arctic geology). German citation: Venzke, J.-F. (1988): Beobachtungen zum Aufeis-Phnomen im subarktisch-ozeanischen Island. - Geokodynamik 9 (1/2), S. 207-220; Bensheim. autobahn e Autobahn freeway - The GermanAutobahn has almost mythical status. automat r Automat a (New York City) restaurant that dispenses food from coin-operated compartments Bildungsroman*pl. Bildungeromane r BildungsromanBildungsromane pl. formation novel - a novel that focuses on the maturation of, and the intellectual, psychological, or spiritual development of the main character blitz r Blitz lightning - a sudden, overwhelming attack; a charge in football; the Nazi attack on England in WWII (see below) blitzkrieg r Blitzkrieg lightning war - a rapid-strike war; Hitlers attack on England in WWII bratwurst e Bratwurst grilled or fried sausage made of spiced pork or veal cobalt s Kobalt cobalt, Co; see Chemical Elements coffee klatsch (klatch)Kaffeeklatsch r Kaffeeklatsch a friendly get-together over coffee and cake concertmasterconcertmeister r Konzertmeister the leader of the first violin section of an orchestra, who often also serves as assistant conductor Creutzfeldt-Jakob diseaseCJD e Creutzfeldt-Jakob-Krankheit mad cow disease or BSE is a variant of CJD, a brain disease named for the German neurologists Hans Gerhardt Creutzfeldt (1883-1964) and Alfons Maria Jakob (1884-1931) dachshund r Dachshund dachshund, a dog (der Hund) originally trained to hunt badger (der Dachs); the wiener dog nickname comes from its hot-dog shape (see wiener) degauss s Gau to demagnetize, neutralize a magnetic field; the gauss is a unit of measurement of magnetic induction (symbol G orGs, replaced by the Tesla), named for German mathematician and astronomerCarl Friedrich Gauss (1777-1855). delidelicatessen s Delikatessen prepared cooked meats, relishes, cheeses, etc.; a shop selling such foods diesel r Dieselmotor The diesel engine is named for its German inventor, Rudolf Diesel(1858-1913). dirndl s Dirndls Dirndlkleid Dirndl is a southern German dialect word for girl. A dirndl (DIRN-del) is a traditional womans dress still worn in Bavaria and Austria. Doberman pinscherDobermann F.L. Dobermannr Pinscher dog breed named for the German Friedrich Louis Dobermann (1834-1894); the Pinscher breed has several variations, including the Dobermann, although technically the Dobermann is not a true pinscher doppelgngerdoppelganger r Doppelgnger double goer - a ghostly double, look-alike, or clone of a person Doppler effectDoppler radar C.J. Doppler(1803-1853) apparent change in the frequency of light or sound waves, caused by rapid movement; named for the Austrian physicist who discovered the effect dreckdrek r Dreck dirt, filth - in English, trash, rubbish (from Yiddish/German) edelweiss* s Edelwei a small flowering Alpine plant (Leontopodium alpinum), literally noble white ersatz* r Ersatz a replacement or substitute, usually implying inferiority to the original, such as ersatz coffee Fahrenheit D.G. Fahrenheit The Fahrenheit temperature scale is named for its German inventor, Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686-1736), who invented the alcohol thermometer in 1709. Fahrvergngen s Fahrvergngen driving pleasure - word made famous by a VW ad campaign fest s Fest celebration - as in film fest or beer fest flak/flack die Flakdas Flakfeuer anti-aircraft gun (FLiegerAbwehrKanone) - used in English more like das Flakfeuer(flak fire) for heavy criticism (Hes taking a lot of flak.) frankfurter Frankfurter Wurst hot dog, orig. a type of German sausage (Wurst) from Frankfurt; see wiener Fhrer r Fhrer leader, guide - a term that still has Hitler/Nazi connections in English, more than 70 years after it first came into use *Words used in various rounds of the Scripps National Spelling Bee held annually in Washington, D.C. Also see:  The Denglisch Dictionary  - English words used in German

Roy Lichtenstein (19231997), painter, sculptor, printmaker Research Paper

Roy Lichtenstein (19231997), painter, sculptor, printmaker - Research Paper Example Lichtenstein created a wide array of work and much of it has gained positions of prominence among art theorists. Predominantly his works implement traditional painting techniques, but he also implements cartoon-illustration methods. One of Lichtenstein’s prominent works is ‘Stepping Out’ (currently housed in the Metropolitan Museum of Art). While the work is slightly obscure in meaning, it seems that objective meaning can be gleamed from thorough analysis. Specifically, Lichtenstein seems to have created this artwork to project societys stereotypes on women. Lichtenstein created the work in 1978 in New York City. This work implements Lichtenstein’s traditional comic book style, while adopting a slight cubist aesthetic. It is created with oil and magna on canvas and measures 86 x 70 in. Lila Acheson Wallace purchased the work in 1980. The work then passed through a series of accessions before finally becoming situated at the Metropolitan Museum of Art. Aesthetic analysis of Lichtenstein’s ‘Stepping Out’ reveals a considerable number of insights. In terms of meaning, interpretations differ widely from different critics. Indeed, the very post-modern elements of the wo rk invite such multiple-critical voices. In terms of objective elements one recognizes that there is a degree of inter-textuality in the work. The male in the work is based on Fernand Leger’s 1944 painting ‘Three Musicians;’ however Lichtenstein’s version is the mirror image of Leger’s earlier work ("Metropolitan Museum of Art -- Stepping Out."). Additionally the female in the painting is clearly influenced by Picasso’s cubist style, in the multi-dimensional and slightly surrealist juxtapositions. In terms of the specific meaning the primary emphasis is the society’s stereotypes on women. This perspective has been supported by art theorists who note, â€Å"this work is a criticism of how a man has often wanted to see a woman

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Environmental Management Systems - Essay Example To understand its ramifications a company has to systematically consider all the factors driving the complex relationships between its business model and the environment and how it affects the company's competitiveness and the balance sheet. Effective environmental policies and programmes need to be worked out and put in place. Environment Management System (EMS) is an operational tool for managing these impacts on an organisation's activities on the environment (Australia 2007)1. It provides a platform for a structured approach to planning and implementing environment protection measures. An EMS integrates environmental management into the company's daily operations, long-term planning, quality control systems and finally end up in the Annual Report. Today computers have pervaded and revolutionised all sorts of office work. Paper and white-collar offices are becoming things of the past and have been replaced with network infrastructures and functionality has shifted to the Internet, automation and e-business solutions. Computers bring efficiency and allow reduction in staff and office space at the same time copiously enhances volumetric capacity of data storage and simplifies retrieval of information. Clearly, this transformation has environmental and social benefits such as reduced consumption of paper has revitalized forest resources. Video conferencing has reduced travel, saving both money and time. All such repositioning forms part of EMS. An effective EMS can assist an organisation to: Minimise environmental liabilities and demonstrate good corporate practices and ethics. Maximize efficiency in utilising resources and reduce waste. Inculcate environmental concern among its employees to gain a better understanding of the environmental impacts of the work they are involved in. Stay on course with efficient operations to achieve corporate motive of increasing profits without compromising environmental concerns. Organisations can use EMS to ensure that their performance is within regulatory requirements, and prepare ahead of more stringent regulations that might be necessitated in the future. Case Studies It will be appropriate to study implementation of some successful EMS by big and small organisations. In some case studies analysed below we find how some corporate giants and local government bodies have effectively introduced EMS standards and are successfully evolving them. We also see how brutalities on nature by some big players are brought to justice through community movements and without management commitment EMS is not always a win-win situation. Konica Minolta Model Konica Minolta, the Japanese multinational giant involved in imaging and office solutions business, is successfully implementing environment friendly policies in their large network of establishments around the world (Report, 2005 p.18) 2. Some of the measures they have beneficially introduced are: By minimising product size and weight the company not only conserved in-put resources but also scaled down requirement of transport. They further improved upon it with design cameras and digital multi functional devices and came out with new greener models

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Assignment( PROJCT MANAGEMENT) - Essay Example Simple tasks like tying one’s shoe laces or wearing shoes does not require Project Management skills. But large projects like building a house, constructing a bridge or undertaking a major military operation are intricate, complex arrangements which require key critical project management skills and expertise. As a matter of fact, a covert military operation would need a series of divisive project management processes needed to be carried out simultaneously or in concerted independent endeavors. †Project & Program Management Services controls the scope, costs and schedule of programs and projects, handles program planning and prepares scope documents, such as terms of reference and statements of requirement.† (Project & Program Management Services: helping to deliver results, 2010). Critical Path Method models the activities and events of a project as a network of activities depicted as nodes on the said network. Also, it shows lines which form the beginning and end of activities. The longest path in the network is shown as the critical path. Perhaps one of the characteristics of CPM is the activities of a routine nature with â€Å"minimal uncertainty in the project completion times.† (Operations: Critical path method, 2010). Before working out a CPM network Chart, it is first of all necessary to list out the chronological series of events that are involved in the changing of wheels and has been listed as follows: â€Å"PERT is a method to analyze the involved tasks in completing a given project. Especially the time needed to complete each task and identifying the minimum time needed to complete the total project.† (Dr. Khatri n.d., slide 43) It is next necessary to consider Program Evaluation Review Technique (PERT) for this activity. Basically, PERT deals different discrete and interdependent parts of a project. It also allows for

Deisel Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Deisel - Essay Example Since Diesel lies in the luxury sector, the products and services provided to the clients in the United States are on the high-end wealth spectrum. These groups are insensitive to prices and prefer spending their income and time on clothes as well as other accessories that portray opulence as opposed to necessities. For these reasons, the prestige and luxury brands that Diesel provides its clients in the United States have attracted an unwavering and illogical loyalty from consumers (Trebay). In the United States today, the luxury scene has been influenced by a variety of factors. A mass class of rich people has developed in different regions across the country. This is due to social, economic, and technological breakthroughs. In addition, Diesel has been forced to introduce a broad range of luxury brands in the company in order to eliminate the barriers that have dominated the industry for some time. It has also provided the different groups of consumers with more choice in order to succeed in the market. Furthermore, the rapid growth being witnessed in information, digital, and communication technology has allowed Diesel to give its consumers in the U.S. more variety in terms of luxury products. In this case, the company is able to view choices as well as lower switching costs particularly in the Internet. This has made it possible for clients to be more experimental, individualistic and bold enough to combine luxury as well as high-street fashion to a single outfit (T rebay). To continue operating successfully in the United States, Diesel has manipulated its marketing mix strategies, which have allowed the company to christen its fashion brands for it to be similar to other luxury brands in the country. Furthermore, the prevalence of mass-premium brands is prevalent in best locations, such as New York. In this case, the company is now capable of acting as well as speaking as a high-end brand that has set the trend in the country. Diesel has managed

Nash Disease (Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis) Essay

Nash Disease (Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis) - Essay Example As well known, exercise increases the body temperature and in turn raises the rate of metabolic reaction, which assists in melting of fats in the body. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis is one such controversial disease in the field of medicine whose main causes are not clearly known. Nonalcoholic steotohepatitis disease refers to condition that causes inflammation, accumulation of fats and tissues as well as damage of the liver. In the view of Kaplan (2011), nonalcoholic steatohepatitis disease occurs to individuals who consume little or no alcoholic drinks. However, pathologists have placed large correlation of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis disease with diabetes, obesity and resistance of insulin by the body. Causes of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) Disease In the views of Kaplan (2011), there are no defined causes of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis disease. However, medical research conducted with reference to this disease reveal that the disease has got close links with other certain identifiable diseases. One of the discovered complementary diseases linked with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis is obesity. Kaplan (2011) asserts that more than 70% of patients diagnosed with NASH disease had cases of obesity. Large number of obese people discovered to suffer from NASH had exceeded their maximum body weight by over 10% to 40%. Diabetes is also illustrated as one of the complimentary diseases to NASH. Medical research has additionally indicated that 75% of individuals diagnosed with NASH disease exhibited signs of diabetes mellitus 2. In the views of Kaplan (2011), about 20%-80% of the patients suffering from NASH had signs of hyperlipidemia in their blood. Hyperlipidemia disease is caused by excess lipids in the blood of an individual. This condition leads to blockage of blood vessels resulting to development of coronary disease that reduces amount of blood supply to the heart. This leads to hypertension due to straining of the heart in an attempt to circulate blood t o the entire body. Resistance to insulin secretion is another probable complimentary disease associated with NASH. Absence of insulin in the body leads to increase in the sugar levels of the blood. This condition if accumulated leads to the development of diabetes mellitus. Another probable cause of NASH disease is the use of certain drugs and toxins, which causes complications related to the NASH disease (Kaplan, 2011). Drugs that have been noticed to cause NASH in the field of medicine include the amiodarone, which encompasses corderone, and pacerone, steroids that encompass predisone and hydrocortisone, tamoxifen and synthetic estrogens. In addition, Kaplan (2011) confirms that use of chemicals such as pesticides and insecticides poison the cells thereby resulting to the development of the NASH disease. Symptoms of NASH Disease According to Kaplan (2011), NASH disease displays no clear symptoms that may lead to its easy detection. This is because NASH disease only develops throug h a progressive damage of the liver with increase with its severity. The only conditions that have been used to detect and test for NASH in the bodies of patients have been fatigue, general body illness, and pain in the upper right abdomen. However, medical practitioners disclose that cases of NASH may not have severe liver problems over a long period

Performance pay at safelight Auto Glass Case Study

Performance pay at safelight Auto Glass - Case Study Example Because of this, Safelite created this incentive system to motivate their employees and decrease turnover. As additional motivation, they created a table to show their technicians how much more money they could make if they put in more effort. They were still guaranteed their hourly wage, but if they put more effort into their work and increased the numbers of installations, they effectively would be able to increase their wage by $3 per hour or more. In addition to the technicians, it was important that store managers were also able to partake in and understand this PPP schematic. Depending on the size of the store, the managers were also expected to install a certain number of glass pieces, as well as maintaining the motivation of their staff. Safelite understood that there may be instances where a manager spending time installing glass would be detrimental, so they categorized their stores based on size. They largest, busiest store managers were not expected to install glass, but still needed to understand the PPP. Whereas managers in the smaller, slower stores were expected to spend some time in installation. This, according to Bill Rapp, was an incentive for them to hire and maintain a small number of technicians. â€Å"We want them to think, ‘If I hire another tech, I’ll have less to install myself.’† ultimately reducing the manager’s overall pay. 1B. Does it introduce new problem? Yes, it does. A reduction in the technician’s guaranteed hourly wage may result in a huge turnover. If a technician was for some reason unable to install enough glass pieces to compensate himself to his satisfaction, he likely would move on to a competing company that would offer him the highest rate possible. There are also a number of extenuating circumstances that were not taken into account. These include: scheduling errors or miscommunications, operational problems and inclement weather. All of these could prevent the technician fro m installing enough glass to make the PPP rate. Also, in winter time, the PPP was nearly impossible to attain, and the technicians were essentially at the mercy of the CSR’s, warehouse drivers and the employees at the manufacturing facility, who were not a part of the PPP plan. The PPP plan also came across to the technicians as, â€Å"†¦We’re gonna cut your pay by 30% and you can make up the difference,† (Gassiot). This likely induced a fear in the Safelite technicians, encouraging them to move on to a company that did not gamble with their wages. 2A. What are the pros and cons of switching from wage rates to piece rate pay? The pros and cons are very similar to the answers to questions 1A and 1B. The introduction of the PPP was a great idea, in as much as it offered technicians and managers alike the opportunity to earn a higher wage. Based on their productivity and how motivated they were, they could potentially increase their salary by $3 or more per ho ur. Given that the average technician in this study only received between $10 and $12 per hour, the additional $3 per hour or more was very enticing and motivating. The PPP did not only cover glass installation, which was another incentive. It covered windshields, other glass pieces, repairs, wipers and other items used and sold in the shop, which increased the ability for an installer to increase their pay rate even more. This was good for the managers in the smaller,

Deisel Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Deisel - Essay Example Since Diesel lies in the luxury sector, the products and services provided to the clients in the United States are on the high-end wealth spectrum. These groups are insensitive to prices and prefer spending their income and time on clothes as well as other accessories that portray opulence as opposed to necessities. For these reasons, the prestige and luxury brands that Diesel provides its clients in the United States have attracted an unwavering and illogical loyalty from consumers (Trebay). In the United States today, the luxury scene has been influenced by a variety of factors. A mass class of rich people has developed in different regions across the country. This is due to social, economic, and technological breakthroughs. In addition, Diesel has been forced to introduce a broad range of luxury brands in the company in order to eliminate the barriers that have dominated the industry for some time. It has also provided the different groups of consumers with more choice in order to succeed in the market. Furthermore, the rapid growth being witnessed in information, digital, and communication technology has allowed Diesel to give its consumers in the U.S. more variety in terms of luxury products. In this case, the company is able to view choices as well as lower switching costs particularly in the Internet. This has made it possible for clients to be more experimental, individualistic and bold enough to combine luxury as well as high-street fashion to a single outfit (T rebay). To continue operating successfully in the United States, Diesel has manipulated its marketing mix strategies, which have allowed the company to christen its fashion brands for it to be similar to other luxury brands in the country. Furthermore, the prevalence of mass-premium brands is prevalent in best locations, such as New York. In this case, the company is now capable of acting as well as speaking as a high-end brand that has set the trend in the country. Diesel has managed

Performance pay at safelight Auto Glass Case Study

Performance pay at safelight Auto Glass - Case Study Example Because of this, Safelite created this incentive system to motivate their employees and decrease turnover. As additional motivation, they created a table to show their technicians how much more money they could make if they put in more effort. They were still guaranteed their hourly wage, but if they put more effort into their work and increased the numbers of installations, they effectively would be able to increase their wage by $3 per hour or more. In addition to the technicians, it was important that store managers were also able to partake in and understand this PPP schematic. Depending on the size of the store, the managers were also expected to install a certain number of glass pieces, as well as maintaining the motivation of their staff. Safelite understood that there may be instances where a manager spending time installing glass would be detrimental, so they categorized their stores based on size. They largest, busiest store managers were not expected to install glass, but still needed to understand the PPP. Whereas managers in the smaller, slower stores were expected to spend some time in installation. This, according to Bill Rapp, was an incentive for them to hire and maintain a small number of technicians. â€Å"We want them to think, ‘If I hire another tech, I’ll have less to install myself.’† ultimately reducing the manager’s overall pay. 1B. Does it introduce new problem? Yes, it does. A reduction in the technician’s guaranteed hourly wage may result in a huge turnover. If a technician was for some reason unable to install enough glass pieces to compensate himself to his satisfaction, he likely would move on to a competing company that would offer him the highest rate possible. There are also a number of extenuating circumstances that were not taken into account. These include: scheduling errors or miscommunications, operational problems and inclement weather. All of these could prevent the technician fro m installing enough glass to make the PPP rate. Also, in winter time, the PPP was nearly impossible to attain, and the technicians were essentially at the mercy of the CSR’s, warehouse drivers and the employees at the manufacturing facility, who were not a part of the PPP plan. The PPP plan also came across to the technicians as, â€Å"†¦We’re gonna cut your pay by 30% and you can make up the difference,† (Gassiot). This likely induced a fear in the Safelite technicians, encouraging them to move on to a company that did not gamble with their wages. 2A. What are the pros and cons of switching from wage rates to piece rate pay? The pros and cons are very similar to the answers to questions 1A and 1B. The introduction of the PPP was a great idea, in as much as it offered technicians and managers alike the opportunity to earn a higher wage. Based on their productivity and how motivated they were, they could potentially increase their salary by $3 or more per ho ur. Given that the average technician in this study only received between $10 and $12 per hour, the additional $3 per hour or more was very enticing and motivating. The PPP did not only cover glass installation, which was another incentive. It covered windshields, other glass pieces, repairs, wipers and other items used and sold in the shop, which increased the ability for an installer to increase their pay rate even more. This was good for the managers in the smaller,

Three defining moments in Canadian history Essay Example for Free

Three defining moments in Canadian history Essay All throughout Canada in the 20th Century there have been numerous events, actions, and decisions that we call defining moments. Canada has been through many battles, hard-chosen decisions, and changes that have changed the way Canadians live today. The second battle of Ypres, the life on the home front in World War Two, and the invasion of D-day helped enrich Canada with their contributions to food, fashion, religion, education, business, and politics. All these moments were significant for Canada and changed the way we Canadians live today. OK, well go! With these words, General Elsenhower, commander-in-chief of the Allied Forces, announced the beginning of the long-awaited and -planned invasion of Europe. The Normandy beaches of northern France were selected as the site of invasion, because they were close to Britain and the invading army, supply ships, and reinforcements. A huge army gathered in the South of England. American troops numbering 1.25 million joined a similar number of British and Commonwealth troops, including 30,000 Canadians. Four thousand landing craft, 700 war ships, and 11,000 planes were ready. The Germans had 60 divisions in northern France and the Netherlands under the command of Field Marshall Rommel. In the spring of 1944, Allied bombers started attacking and destroying Nazi military sites in northern France. The idea was to soften the enemy defences. D-Day, Day of Deliverance, was fixed for June 5, 1944. But the invasion had to be postponed due to bad weather. At 2:00 a.m. on June 6, paratroopers were dropped to protect the landing forces. Seventy-five minutes later, 2000 bombers began to pound German defences on the beaches. At 5:30 a.m., the air raids were joined by the guns of the Allied warships. Then, at precisely 6:30 a.m., the first waves of Canadian, British, and American troops poured onto the beaches of France. This was Canadas largest military operation. Fourteen thousand soldiers were set to hit the beaches of France. The Royal Canadian Navy had 100 ships with 10,000 sailors in the operation. Flying overhead were 36 bomber squadrons of the RCAF. The Canadian soldiers landed at Juno Beach, and faced underwater obstacles, land mines, barbed wire, and heavy machine-gun fire from the Germans. At the end of the day, they had met their objectives, the only Allied force to do so that day. They had suffered 335 dead and 739 other casualties. Within a week, the Allies had 300,000 troops safely on  shore. Within a month, 1 million Allies had landed with 200,000 military vehicles. Though the Nazi forces fought hard, Hitler was now caught with war on two front, east and west. The second battle of Ypres (or modern Lepers) was one that completely changed the worlds perspective of Canada. Through courage and determination, the Canadian army was able to prove their strength. It all started in 1914 with the first battle of Ypres, in which the Germans had to reconsider their unsuccessful Alfred Von Schlieffen plan. They wanted to quickly eliminate the British and French, so they could finally attack Russia with full force. However, since they did not have enough time to constitute a new plan, the Germans decided to stick with the old one and use new warfare. By 1915, the second battle of Ypres was already under way, when the Germans decided to attack the potential weak spot in between the Canadian and French trenches. With the use of chlorine (or mustard) gas, the Germans were able to force the French army into retreating. The Canadians, however, used their combined thinking power to improvise a simple, effective gas mask, and fought back. The gas mask was composed of urine and a handkerchief, since the moisture could block the chlorine gas and allow for some oxygen to get in as well. When the German army moved out, they wore specialized uniforms and gas masks, and carried barbarous rifles such as the Bayonet. This gave them an overall inhuman and alien-like appearance, which was bound to scare anyone. However, this failed to intimidate the Canadians, as they simply went out with their own Bayonets and gas masks, and stalled the German army at their trenches. The other half of the army, however, had already punched holes in the French trenches and moved further into the battlefield. Thus, the Canadian army moved back and dispersed for a quick counter-attack. They filled in the gap left by the French, and pushed back the arrogant German army. At the same time, they fought the army that opposed their own trenches, and pushed them back even further. Since the German army never expected any resistance or counter-attack, they were completely vulnerable to the Canadian attack and had to retreat. When reinforcements from the French and British reserves arrived, they were surprised to find that the Canadians had in fact done the job of two armies. On that day, every Canadian soldier grew a few inches taller, and elevated  in honour, rank, reputation, skill, talent, strength, courage, and determination. For every victory, however, there is a price to pay, and for this great defensive victory, the number of casualties was paid in full. Of a maximum divisional strength of 18,000 that had started the battle, 5975 Canadians had become casualties, of whom over 1000 were fatal. The civilian population or activities of a country at war are called the home front. During WWII, the Canadian government proclaimed the War Measures Act and interned many Jewish, Italian, German, and Japanese Canadians, while sending 16,000 conscripted soldiers overseas. The War Measures Act was previously used in World War One against Ukrainian Canadians, but it was not merely as severe as in World War Two. The role of women grew closer to enemy grounds (such as actual navy, army, and air force positions), and once again, the rest took the jobs of men. Canadians grew dependant on the United States with NATO, NORAD, and Camp X. At times of war, the panicking people would rush to buy foods and supplies. Therefore, the Wartime Prices and Trade Board (WPTB) was established to control prices and supervise the distribution of food and other scarce goods. People needed ration cards to buy items such as gasoline, butter, sugar, meat, tea, and coffee. Rationing is when the government puts a limit to the amount every civilian can buy. As in WWI, total war meant that all industries, materials, and people were put to work for the war effort. The war basically affected everyone in Canada. In a very real sense, however, Canada also grew with the war. WWII helped Canada establish its place as an important middle power among world nations, while its GNP (Gross National Production) of goods (asbestos, aluminium, coal, manganese, chemicals, and paper) tripled, and all of its main industries expanded (thanks to the increased production of vital agricultural goods, such as wheat, flour, bacon, ham, eggs, canned meat, and fish). After the war, the Cuban Missile Crisis and the threat of a Third World War had people on the home front protesting about national security. The debate was mainly over Canada having nuclear warheads of its own, which most saw as a way to achieve national security, while others found it revolting and immoral. However, in 1963, when Lester B. Pearson of the Liberals became Prime Minister, all of the Bomarc missiles in Canada were armed with nuclear warheads. With the second battle of Ypres, the Germans persisted to use the Von Schlieffen plan, but with new chlorine gas warfare. Although the French retreated from their trenches, the brave Canadian soldiers stood their ground and improvised a gas mask composed of a handkerchief and urine. In doing so, they were able to stall the German forces at their trenches, and move back for a counter-attack at the Germans entering the French trenches. The surprised German forces could do nothing but retreat, and the Canadians gained international recognition for their selfless efforts. Of the 18,000 Allied soldiers present that day, 1,000 were dead and 5,957 were injured. On the home front, the War Measures Act was used to intern Jewish, Italian, German, and Japanese Canadians, while conscripting 16,000 soldiers to go overseas. Women grew closer to enemy lines with new positions in the army, navy, and air force. Canadian dependence on the United States grew with the establishment of the North American Air Defense Command, North Atlantic Treaty Organization, and Camp X. Total war industries and workers were put to work for the war effort. The long-awaited and -planned attack on Normandy occurred on D-day, 1944, with an almost never-ending wave of Allied troops, air raids, and warships. It was the largest military operation for Canadians who landed at Juno Beach, and faced underwater obstacles, land mines, and machine-gun fire from the Germans. However, at the end of the day, they were the only successful Allied troops with 335 dead and 739 injured. Nazis were now caught with heavy fire from both East and West. The second battle of Ypres in World War One, life on the home front in World War Two, and invasion of D-day helped Canada become the great nation it is today, a century later.

The Strengths And Weaknesses Of Swot Analysis

The Strengths And Weaknesses Of Swot Analysis This store which was known as Block Quayle, and was later abbreviated to BQ. This main store later developed and spread across the UK; by 1979 there were 26 stores in United Kingdom. During this period, the first of the co-founders already left the business. They both left the business in 1976 and 1982 respectively. BQ sprung up very well during this period through business combination methods which include mergers, acquisitions and expansions. In 1980, BQ bought over the Scottish company Dodge City, and was itself acquired by F. W. Woolworth Company. F. W. Woolworths UK subsidiary (Woolworth) and BQ were bought, two years later, by Paternoster, who are now known as Kingfisher plc and are still BQs parent company. OBJECTIVE The objective of this project is to produce a proposal on a new project that an organisation is about to start. The following are the objectives to be achieved: The title and nature of the project. The business case and tangible outcomes of the project. Competitive advantage of the organisation. 1.1 THE TITLE AND NATURE OF THE PROJECT BQ is planning an expansionary project which is the establishment of five (5) more stores in the Republic of Ireland. This will bring the number of its stores in Ireland to fourteen (14). These stores as planned would be in the central areas and in the interior so as to meet the needs of its customers and also bringing the store closer to the customers. This project would involve a huge finance base as it is a project expected to be completed within one (1) year. The management is looking into the various ways of getting finance to carry out this project in order to improve the services of the company. THE BUSINESS CASE AND TANGIBLE OUTCOMES OF THE PROJECT The start of project management starts from the construction industry. This day there are quite a lot of project management requirements which are even more outside the construction industry as project needs cut across every business segments. Current construction firms now uses a new model of project management, using visual equipments and software to help in managing the movement of materials delivery and consumption alongside equipment usage. This project will bring about numerous benefits in addition to the existing benefits of and in the organisation. Amongst this includes: Increase in profitability. Shareholders wealth would increase and there would be more income to put in for more dividend and expansionary development in the company. Value of shares may increase as there would be more sales. Creation of job opportunities. Achieving the objectives, goals and vision of the organisation. A better local environment An increase in access to quality local spaces An increase in people actively involved in a practical environmental project An improvement in partnership between support organisations, communities and authorities. 1.2 OVERVIEW OF THE PROJECT PROPOSAL BQ is planning an expansionary project which is the establishment of five (5) more stores in the Republic of Ireland. This will bring the number of its stores in Ireland to fourteen (14). These stores as planned would be in the central areas and in the interior so as to meet the needs of its customers and also bringing the store closer to the customers. To effectively analyze the viability of the project, B Q need to examine its SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats) and also using PORTERS FIVE FORCES to examine the success of the project. SWOT ANALYSIS OF BQ SWOT is a tool which is used in strategic and marketing analysis of a business. It can be used to confirm the level of readiness and conformity between the organisations strategies and its business environment, and to find ways in which the organisation can utilize its strengths to checkmate its weaknesses while it uses its opportunities to checkmate its threats (Adams, 2005). Strengths Strength determines the capability of an organization. The strengths of BQ lie in its ability to provide the desired goods of its customers at relatively cheap prices and at the same time quality goods. BQ is widely known for the quality goods it sells to various customers. Weaknesses This determines a companys weaknesses. This should be not only from its own point of view, but also more importantly, from those of the customers. BQ has received quite a lot of complaints from customers about the prices of its goods which according to the company is as result of the quality of the materials used in the production. However, compared to some of its competitors it still has a better bargain price for its products. Opportunities Opportunities are everywhere, such as the changes in technology, government policy, social patterns, and so on. Opportunities for BQ lie in the structure of the general market segment and its environment. The world market and individual with corporate needs enormous for BQ to see and utilise the opportunities at its disposal. Having the financial strength and the backup of major stakeholders to open up more branches in strategic locations is an opportunity to the organisation is another sense of opportunity for BQ. Threats Threats expresses the weaknesses and incapacitation of an organization. It entails those fears which the company may be nursing and which could affect the company haphazardly. Parts of BQs threat is their competitors in the market that can win over some of their customers. Also here is the threat from suppliers and others. PORTERS FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS Five Forces Analysis will help BQ to contrast a competitive environment. It has likeness with other tools for environmental analysis, such as PESTLE analysis, but tends to focus on the single, stand alone, business or SBU (Strategic Business Unit) rather than a single product or range of products. Bargaining Power of Suppliers The term suppliers include all sources for inputs that are required so as to provide goods or services. Supplier bargaining power is likely to be high in BQ when: In such situations, BQ will face a high pressure on margins from their suppliers. The relationship to powerful suppliers can potentially reduce strategic options for the organization. Bargaining Power of Customers Customers of BQ bargaining power is likely to be high when there are substitutes to the products in the market, much more when the substitutes are of more or same quality than that of BQ. Threat of New Entrants BQ will also keep up threat of new retailers in the store. Every moment in the market there comes in new set of sellers which definitely will share the market with the existing sellers in the market. Threat of Substitutes Consumers all have different taste and can change from the use of one item to the other. Substituted items definitely will cause a loophole in the market which have been dropped, therefore, BQ may face the challenge of its products being substituted for another. Competitive Rivalry between Existing Players Michael Porter (2005) also explained that in a monopolistic or general open market where there exist many sellers especially of the same product there would exist rivalry which can affect the market sales and profitability at the other end. 1.3 COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE OF THE ORGANISATION This is seen as the benefit a company has over its rivals in the market which can be with its ability to outshine its competitors in the market/industry. BQ have a competitive advantage when it has the strength or ability to overturn its rivals in getting the face of customers. This applies to both services and products. Michael Porter (Theory of Management) (1990) explains that, though not all nations are at the peak of competition, the home nation which shapes the competitive advantage is the starting point for a firms competitive advantage and also from which it must be upheld. Therefore, BQ has a lot of competitive advantages which made it a leader in the market. It should be take in account that competitive advantage can be checked to one of three forms: Superior resources, superior skills and superior positions. TASK 2 2.0 INTRODUCTION Project Management is about organising and managing resources in a form that they deliver the desired mind to complete a project within the agreed scope, quality, and time and cost constraints. It covers the planning, monitoring and control of the project as well as the motivation of those involved in order to achieve the project objectives as set. Each project is expected to have a Project Manager to maintain project progress and integrate stakeholders to make sure that the risk of failure is reduced and also to intimate the m on the progress of the project. As a successful project manager you must be able to visualize the project from beginning to ending and to have the ability to ensure that this vision is achieved. The following are the methodologies which can be used in common principles to manage a project development: Define the project detail Involve the right people Estimate the resources, time and costs Break the project into manageable sections Define how change will be managed Agree on performance/acceptance criteria OBJECTIVES This task is to cover some areas in this project which are as listed below: To identify all resources required for the project and the benefits to the organisation. To identify all costs associated with the project. To set up a budget for the project. To carryout costs benefit analysis for the project. Staff development and training costs. 2.1 REPORT FROM: Management Consultant TO: Board of Directors/Management DATE: 22nd July, 2010. SUBJECT: RESOURCES REQUIRED FOR THE PROJECT ESTABLISHMENT INTRODUCTION BQ with its quest to satisfy all their customers by bringing services closer to them has decided to build more stores in the Republic of Ireland as this will also improve the profitability of the entire business. This is a project which will definitely require the company to establish a technical committee on the work to be done as this will require a large sum of investment for the success of the project. The budget show that the total sum  £15 million would be required. However, to furnish the stores with the items for sale would be handled by the procurement department and so the cost for this transaction is not included. The analysis of the  £15m cost plan (budget) is as follows:  £ Contract sum ( £2.5m x 5 stores) 12,500,000 Planning service cost (for the 5 stores) 1,500,000 Training cost (recruitment retraining of existing staff) 500,000 Other related cost 500,000 15,000,000 SOURCES OF RESOURCES The resources that would be required as clearly stated above would be financed by partly bank borrowing and partly using part of the banks investment income from the reserve. Noteworthy is the fact that the contract sum as mentioned above would be paid to a building contractor. The amount specified above represent the contract sum quoted by the building contractor. The training cost would be paid to PWC consultants for the training which will be in two phases; one for the new recruits that would start work in the new stores after the completion and some of the present staffs that would be transferred to the new sites. The training cost is as follows:  £ Facilitators (one year contract) 400,000 Refreshments (1 week) 20,000 Training materials 10,000 Accommodation for trainees (Scheduled quarterly) 50,000 Transportation expenses 20,000 500,000 COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS A cost benefit analysis is done to determine how well, or how poorly, a planned action will turn out and how this would be applicable to BQ. Although a cost benefit analysis can be used for almost anything, it is most commonly done on financial issues. Since the cost benefit analysis relies on the plus or minus of financial issues concerning a project to determine a net result. A cost benefit analysis finds, quantifies, and adds all the positive factors. These are the benefits. Then it identifies, quantifies, and subtracts all the negatives, the costs. The difference between the two indicates whether the planned action is advisable. The real trick to doing a cost benefit analysis well is making sure you include all the costs and all the benefits and properly quantify them. To achieve this, I will use the pay back period to check the time the project would pay back as there is a policy in the company that any investment that would not be recouped within the first five years of establishment will not be seen as being viable. The inflows are projected inflows for the new stores as a group i.e. the stores would be analysed collectively not individually. Year Cash flow Balance  £  £ 0 (15,000,000) (15,000,000) 1 2,500,000 (13,000,000) 2 3,175,000 (9,825,000) 3 5,220,000 (4,605,000) 4 6,725,000 5 6,875,000 3 + 4,605,000 = 3 + 0.685 6,725,000 = 3years, 7 months. From the above, the project would have a pay back period of less than 4 years which according to the policy of the company, the project is seen to be viable as the pay back period is less than 5 years. 2.2 STAFF TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT Want to keep members of staff motivated about learning new ideas, the quality and variety of the employee training provided is major for motivation for consideration. Whatever the reason for conducting an employee training session, there is need to develop the employee training within the framework of a comprehensive, ongoing, and consistent employee training program. This quality employee training program is essential to keep the staff motivated about learning new concepts and your department profitable which definitely will help in the new outlets to be built by BQ. This training will serve the new and existing members of staff. Beneficial Components of Employee Training Skills To make a complete training of employees either new or existing staffs, there need be a balance with the companys expectation about the employer and the expectations of the employees. This training will give a detailed understanding on how and what the company is all about, individual and general expectation of both parties at the short and long run. New Hire Training This has to do with training of new recruits in the organization. They are new employees that need to understand the basis, rules and norms of the organization, either with or without previous experience in a related job exposure. On the Job Training Many organizations make good use of this system to train staffs. On the job training is so essential and can be seen as a continuous system of training for employees. During the course of the job, new styles of work are being learnt which help to progress more on the job being carried out. This involves the supervisory and the operational level of work. Managers go round during the course of work or work colleagues who are more experienced are used to train the especially the new recruits. (http://humanresources.about.com/od/coachingmentorin1/a/trainmotivation.htm) However, for this project, the type of training that would be used is contracted to PWC consultants. This is to prepare the staff ready for the new stores when they are completed in the Republic of Ireland. The training cost has been analysed above. TASK 3 3.0 INTRODUCTION Implementing strategy needs more strength and it requires effort for a lot of organizations, knowledge from emotional feedbacks on time during the implementation process, which shows the impact of any force placed alongside the quest for the use of strategy which would lead or give the basis for the realization of strategy for proper implementation. Many businesses fail to achieve strategic objectives of the organization as highlighted at the planning stage of the company because they do not successfully attach operations with goals. Effective communication among all stakeholders is critical in jumping this critical issue. The performance gap drawn between strategy creation and benefit realization is frequently a companys inability to put in place the strategies they define. Potential hazards may be grouped into four basic categories: Clarification, Communication, Alignment and Measurement. The above mentioned issues would be discussed alongside the milestones to be put in place to achieve the implementation of this project by BQ in the Republic of Ireland. Thus must emphasis would also be laid on the involvement of stakeholders in the achievement of this project. OBJECTIVES Use suitable tools and techniques to plan the implementation of the chosen project: Develop a milestone for the project. Analyse the involvement of stakeholders in the implementation of the project. Develop a set of measure that would enable you monitor and evaluate progress of the project and ensure relevant feedback procedures have been put in place to inform stakeholders of the projects progress. 3.1 MILESTONE FORT THE DEVELOPMENT OF 5 STORES IN THE REPUBLIC OF IRELAND BY BQ. Many managers during the course of project management would think projects would be near completion from information given to then by subordinates and or people working with then and only to find that project over-runs by weeks or even months more than expected. This is because the last part of the work takes longer than planned. If youve ever been in this situation and have been affected by this disturbing situation, then, youll know why experienced managers carefully monitor how actual completion dates checked against planned completion dates at certain milestones within projects. This gives the managers room to take corrective action, or manage peoples expectations appropriately, and this is where Project Milestone Reporting becomes evidently important. A real life milestone is a table that tells you how far you are from a certain point so you know how far you have come, or how much effort you have to put so as to reach your realization goal. Project Milestones perform exactly this role in a project plan. They mark significant events, deliverables or interdependencies that need to be monitored to keep the project on track. Project Milestone Reports show you what has been achieved and what else needs to be done to successfully complete your project. The milestone for this project is reflected in the table below: ISSUES EXPLANATIONS The project in focus The project in focus is the construction of five (5) more stores for BQ strategically in the Republic of Ireland. Construction site. Development plan has been received in respect of the construction from the government for the development which will be at strategic locations in the country. Quality measures The quality of materials to be used for the construction is standard checked and guaranteed materials for the building. Target date The project is expected to span through twelve months as it is handled by the same contractor and would be time effective during the construction. The above represents the milestone that would serve as guide to the construction of the projects. However, the stakeholders of the company would also be involved in the development stage. This can also be represented using the Gantt Chart. ISSUE EXPLANATIONS 2010 2011 JAN.- JUNE. JUL.-DEC. JAN.- JUNE. JUL.-DEC. The project in focus Construction of five (5) more stores for in the Republic of Ireland. construction site Development plan has been received in respect of the construction from the government for the development which will be at strategic locations in the country. Quality measure The quality of materials to be used for the construction is standard checked and guaranteed materials for the building. Target date The project is expected to span through twelve months as it is handled by the same contractor and would be time effective during the construction. 3.2 STAKEHOLDERS INVOLVEMENT IN THE PROJECT A stakeholder is someone who has something to gain or lose in the result of a planning of process or project or business. These are known as interest groups and which have a powerful bearing on the outcomes of business dealings. It finds normally beneficial for research projects to analyse the needs and concerns of different stakeholders, particularly when these projects are set out to achieve a particular goal. Stakeholders, who have high interest and high power with the project, are the organisations or the people are generally fully engage with it. At the time of policy change or new campaign these people are target. Decision makers are on top of power list which are normally member of government. After that there are opinion leader whose opinion matters. This creates pyramid which known as influence map. Stakeholders with low power but high interest need to be updated all the time, and if they are properly organised they form coalition which can lobby for change. If these people are satisfied they are the main supporter at the time of policy change. If time and resources permits, detailed analysis can be carried out which give detail knowledge of (i) the nature of the power and its position and (ii) the interests that give it that position. By doing this one can get the better t understanding of the project that why people take certain stands and how they can work together. The final stage is to create a strategy for how to involve different stakeholders in a one project, how to distribute information which is useful to them, and maintaining a relationship with them. Identify who will make each contact and how, what message they will communicate and how they will do the follow-up and most importantly who will do that that how they will do. The diagram above represents the level of the stakeholders of BQ. The following are the major stakeholders of the company: The investors (shareholders) The customers The suppliers The creditors/debtors The government The competitors These represent the summary or compressed version of the companys stakeholders. All the stakeholders would be kept abreast of the happenings in the organisation so as to be able to achieve a successful implementation of the project. 3.3 PROJECT IMPLENTATION Most projects share a common life cycle as seen in the project of BQ. Define (1. Initiation) 2. PLAN The project IMPLEMENTATION (3. Executing) (4. Controlling) MONITOR ADJUST EVALUATE (5. Closing) CELEBRATE (Source:http://informationr.net/ir/8-1/paper144.html) Monitoring As the project managers of BQ will start this project, they will need to develop a work schedule for the many activities that would be done and would be expected to monitor the project from the start i.e. the initiation period down to the completion of the project as this will aid the success of the project. Managers of BQ need to check the time table written or built for this project so as to have a good grip on the monitoring of the project. They also have to consider the budget and the resources available for the completion of the project. In order to have a successful project monitoring the following should be considered: The use of the set up note for the project to monitor the growth of the project. Checking on the plan time table regularly. Quality must be checked and emphasized on. Progress should be checked on a regular basis. The full involvement of managers and project supervisors. The project time table should be followed regularly to avoid drift from the original plan. Changes during the construction should be communicated to the members of the team. Reasons why project should be monitored: To check planned work to actual work done. To know level of job completion. To know the quality of work done. Compare budgeted cost to actual spending. To check on attitude of everyone involved in the project. To know the level of commitment given in by team members. Ways to express the project development events Formal and informal Formal: Reports Level of job completion form/reports should be completed by all those involved so that progress and problems that occurred during the project work can be identified on time. Audits are used mostly to identify these issues when they arise. Project review meetings Meetings should be carried out by the managers and the project managers with the management so that periodic review could be carried out on the project so as to know the level of job completed and the requirements needed by the rest of the area not completed in the building of the project. Informal: Interaction with the members involved in the building project. Involvement of the other stakeholders of the company. Strict observation during the project design. Reports and guidelines for small and large projects to be used for the BQ project: Action Daily Weekly Monthly Quarterly Informal interaction with members Small Large Staff interaction with managers Both Meeting to review project Small Large Level of work report Small Large Project audit Large Team development practice Both Final report to the directors/mgt. Both SIMPLE FORMS TO CREATE USEFUL REPORTS (THE FINAL REPORT) The final report is a form of writing that deals on the whole history of the building work carried out during the designated period of time. This has to do with keeping of record of the initial stage build ups, every action that took place during the course of the project and the final report. Schedule on informal meeting with key players is important as to know their opinions and ask them about the project and what they would do next time. The final report of the project can be written using the form format written below: Summary of the project to include revisions to the original project plan Summary of major successes achieved. Analysis of planned requirements to actual achieved. Final financial analysis considering the difference that exists. Evaluation of administrative and management issues. Team performance should also be included in the report. Any other issue that require further investigation Recommendations on the project which can be used as a guide for the future. Acknowledgement of all those involved in the project work. CONCLUSION Project development is important and requires the development of end-to-end concepts for The construction of any project especially the construction of the stores for BQ in the Republic of Ireland which is part of the developmental plans of the company and as this will improve the profitability stage of the company. The reason for asset management is to maintain a ful set of investments, properties and fund which will in turn help in maximising the wealth of the shareholder. In property management, the duty of improving the status of the company so as to achieve profits for the business which would be carried on in the building as expected to be done by the management of BQ. This is a big organisation that has a great investment and any further investment that would be made would require the involvement of its major stakeholders. The extension would definitely call for an improvement in the state and status of BQ in the Republic of Ireland and as well the profitability of the company as a whole.